Indigenous Cattle Breeds of India

Cattle Breeds

   ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Definition: – It’s a branch of agriculture science that discusses the production and care of the domestic animal (cattle breeds, goats, sheep, etc).

Types of animal husbandry:

• Dairy farming: It’s discussed with the production of milk with help of modern dairy technology. It includes milch animals like cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep, etc. After milk processed to the obtained dairy products such as butter, ghee, cheese, cream, etc. It also includes the care and management of cattle.
• Poultry farming: It’s discussed with raising and breeding of birds for commercial purposes for meat and eggs. such as chicken, gees, pigeons, turkeys.
• Fish farming: The process of raising fish in the close tank (bio floc) and pound for commercial purposes. It fulfills the demand for fish in the market and provides employment.
• Bee farming: Bee farming is also known as apiculture. In its bees’ colonies are raising by humans in human made hives for commercially fulfill the demand honey, wax and it also beneficial for the pollination in flower. The place where bees are kept is known as Apiary or bee yard.

Cattle Breed

Indigenous Cattle breeds:

MILCH	DRAUGHT	DUAL
Gir	Alambadi	Deoni
Red sindhi	Amritmahal	Hariana
Sahiwal	Bargur	Kankrej
	Kangaynam	Krishna valley
	Khillari	Ongole
	Umblachery	Tharparkar
	Bachaur	Rathi
	Nagori
	Dangi

Milch Indigenous breed:

1.Gir:

Synonyms/ Other Name	Surti, Desana, Gujrati, Sorti, Kathiawari
origin	Kathiawari district in Gujrat.
Breeding track	Gir hills, forest of kathiawara, Junagarh, Bhavnagar, Rajkot, and amerli district.
Color	Vary from shade black & white, red & white.
Body structure	Forehead is prominent, convex and broadly. Ears are long give leaf appearance, Horne are curve and turning backward give half-moon appearance. Possess long tail (wipe like), body is well proportioned, well developed udder.
Milk yield	1200-1800 kgs per lactation
Age at first calving	45-54 months
Average lactation length	515-600 days

2. Red sindhi:

Synonyms/ Other Name	Red Karachi, Sindhi, Mahi
origin	Pakistan
Breeding track	Haryana, Gujrat, Rajasthan
Color	Dark red to dark brown, bull color is dark red, sometime white patches seen on dewlap and forehead.
Body structure	Pendulous ear. Average height 116cm (bull-134 cm)
Milk yield	1700-3400 kg per lactation
Age at first calving	39-50 months
Average lactation length	296 days

Note: – fat is around 4.5%

3. Sahiwal:

Synonyms/ Other Name	Lambi bar, Lola (loose skin), Multani, Teli, Montgomery
origin	Montgomery district of Pakistan.
Breeding track	Punjab, Haryana
Color	Reddish dun or pale red, sometime white patches.
Body structure	Short leg, muscular and heavy body, loose skin.
Milk yield	1400-2500 kgs per lactation.
Age at first calving	37-48 months
Average lactation length	300days

Indigenous draught breed:

1. Alambadi:

Synonyms/ Other Name	Pullikulam
origin	Alambadi of Dharmapuri district of tamilnadu.
Breeding track
Color	Grey, dark grey and black, white patches seen on forehead, limb and tail.
Body structure	Medium size body, fore head and hump are prominent, muscular body, backward curving Horne, well developed hump, bull body weight-317kg and female-290 kg
Milk yield	Not good milker, rarely use for dairy farming.
Age at first calving	45-54 months
Average lactation length	280-350 days

2Amritmahal:

Synonyms/ Other Name	Doddadana, Jawari Dana, Number Dana
origin	Karnataka
Breeding track	Karnataka
Color	Grey in color
Body structure	Head is long and tapers towards muzzle, long  and sweeping horn ,end in Sharpe black point. Average height 50-52 inch,
Milk yield	Not good milker,512 kg per lactation
Age at first calving	600days
Average lactation length	210-310 days

2. Bargur

Synonyms/ Other Name	Lingaiys
origin	Tamil Nadu
Breeding track	Bargur hill in Bhavani taluk of Erode district of Tamil Nadu.
Color	Brown in color with white patches.
Body structure	Tapper Horne, body is medium.
Milk yield	250-1300 kg per lactation.
Age at first calving	515 to 600 days
Average lactation length	7 months.

4. Kangayam

Synonyms/ Other Name	Kanganad, Kongu
origin	Kangayam (Tamilnadu)
Breeding track	Dharapuram, Perundurai, Bhavani, Coimbatore district of Tamilnadu.
Color	By birth red coat, but become grey at the age of 6 months.
Body structure	Well developed hump, fore, and hind quartes. Eyes are dark and prominent with black rings around them. Small and pointed ear. The neck is short and thick, broad backward.
Milk yield	Poor milkers. 540 kg per lactation. 3.9% fat content.
Age at first calving	13 to 15 months.
Average lactation length	10 months (305 days)

5. Umblachery

Synonyms/ Other Name	Jathi mandu, Mottai mandu, therkathi.
origin	Tamil Nadu
Breeding track	Nagapatinam and Thiruvarur districts of Tamil Nadu
Color	Red at birth and then change grey during development. White mark on limb and tail.
Body structure	Well-developed hum p, medium size body, height-135- 109 cm.
Milk yield	494 kg per lactation. Fat content 4.9%.
Age at first calving	14 moths
Average lactation length	8-10 months.

      DAUL PURPOSE CATTLE BREED

1. Deoni

Synonyms/ Other Name	Dongarpati or Surti, Deccani, Dongari
origin	taluks of Basavakalyan, Bidar and Bhalki of Bidar district in Karnataka
Breeding track	Karnataka
Color	found in three color variations (white body with irregular black spots, clear white with black color at the sides of the face, clear white with black spots on the lower side of the body.
Body structure	head is masculine, alert, broad and slightly convex, thick and medium size Horne, muscular body. Udder is medium size.
Milk yield	1000-1200 kg per lactation. Fat content-4.3%
Age at first calving	35 months
Average lactation length	305 days

2. Hariana

Synonyms/ Other Name	Hariana
origin	Haryana
Breeding track	Rohtak, Hisar, Jind and Gurgaon districts of Haryana
Color	white or light grey.
Body structure	face is long and narrow with black, bright eyes and black muzzle., ears are small and Sharpe edge and close to the body. Long and slender neck. Male have largest hump. Horns are glossy and smooth and somewhat horizontal, growing longer, curving upwards and inwards in the bullocks.
Milk yield	1400-2300 per lactation, milk fat-4.3-5.3%
Age at first calving	40 -61 months
Average lactation length	days

3. Kankrej

Synonyms/ Other Name	Wadhiar, Bannai, Vaghiyar, Nagar and Talabda
origin	Kankrej Taluka of Banaskantha district in the state of Gujarat.
Breeding track	Gujrat
Color	Color varies from silver to gray to iron gray or steel black.
Body structure	ears are large, pendulous. Hump of bull is well developed,  legs are particularly shapely and well balanced.
Milk yield	1738kg per lactation
Age at first calving	35- 56 months
Average lactation length	257- 350 days

4. Tharparkar

Synonyms/ Other Name	White Sindhi, Cutchi andThari.
origin	Sindh district of Pakistan.
Breeding track	Sindh, Punjab Haryana, Uttar Pradesh
Color	Light grey color.
Body structure	Medium size breed, long tapering face, well developed hump.
Milk yield	1800 -2600 per lactation
Age at first calving	38-42 months
Average lactation length	280-300 days

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